Archive for May, 2008

Should I trade in my gas guzzler?

2002 GMC Yukon

Driving a 2002 GMC Yukon has its disadvantages lately. Filling up the gas tank costs $90 and our version of the truck lacks the cool FlexFuel engine.

Plus, I’m starting to get attitude from Toyota Prius drivers. Yes. These are the same guys who glide through a red light or speed up going downhill to maximize numbers on their mpg gauges.

There is no need to employ such absurd and possibly dangerous nempimaniac driving (from the Japanese word nempi which means fuel economy). Hypermiling has been a trend among hybrid owners, who compete to exceed the Environmental Protection Agency estimated mpg on their vehicles.

The estimated EPA mileage on my 2002 GMC Yukon: 13 city/17 highway mpg.

Reasonable hypermilers claim that anyone can adopt safe fuel efficient driving techniques. Start by driving the speed limit and keeping up vehicle maintenance.

Or… change the dynamics of traffic congestion.

Electrical Engineer William Beaty has been a proponent of the idea that one thinking person in a solitary vehicle can “erase traffic waves” and the toll they take on miles per gallon.

Beaty asserts that changing speed and competing with other drivers for headway contributes to traffic congestion. Plus, the hard stops and jackrabbit starts of aggressive driving are neither courteous nor fuel efficient.

What happens if you increase the gap with the car ahead while driving at a uniform speed? Beaty experimented with gaps in traffic by traveling at an average speed and employing the 2-second rule. Can you see the tires of the car ahead?

“Rather than repeatedly rushing ahead of everyone else, only to come to a halt, I decided to try to move at the average speed of the traffic.” Beaty writes. “I let a huge gap open up ahead of me, and timed things so I was arriving at the next ’stop wave’ just as the last red brakelights were turning off ahead of me.”

According to Beaty, adopting these mindful driving habits makes traffic behind you move more uniformly and smoothly. He claims this productively “eats” traffic congestion and improves fuel consumption for everyone on the road.

See! Even you can make a positive impact in that 1-ton dually!

Hypermiling.com is a Web site that also recommends drivers smoothly and moderately accelerate from stops.

Being the veritable lead foot that I am, I avoid looking at the tachometer. Yet, flooring the accelerator can’t be a smart thing. First, it causes excessive engine rev which increases fuel injection to the cylinders. And, this process tends to decrease engine performance and fuel efficiency.

Can monitoring the RPMs on the tachometer be a scientific way to measure the “calm, uniform, smooth” driving in Beaty’s experiments? What would happen to the mpg on a given vehicle with an RPM limit during acceleration?

What happens if I accelerate from stops while keeping the RPMs just under 2500? How would this simple driving moderation improve my Yukon’s mpg? By 5 mpg? What would happen if I kept the RPMs just under 2000?

Why read fringe science?

We should never adopt a viewpoint where some ideas are 100 percent right and others are 100 percent wrong. Instead, we should cultivate a healthy .01 percent belief in crazy things.

William J. Beaty, Research Engineer, University of Washington

Happy Mother’s Day!

Paper Flowers

Que todos tengan un Feliz Dia de las Madres!

Why didn’t I clean the litter box?

I didn’t clean the litter box, because I had to rush to school… I ran out of time… I misplaced the scooper…

He, on the other hand, didn’t clean the litter box, because he is lazy… or irresponsible… or unorganized

Actor/observer difference (Jones & Nisbett, 1972) is the tendency to explain self behavior as a result of situation or circumstances (external attribution), while perceiving others’ behavior as a result of character or disposition (internal attribution).

The tendency comes from a cognitive bias, fundamental attribution error, (Ross, 1977) which suggests humans prefer to underestimate complex external factors—time, energy, or resources—as causes for others’ behavior.

The bias may arise from a culture that values a particular narrative. We are making others far more culpable for outcomes than they actually merit.

This has even permeated into education. We should all know better.

Yet, we’ve made some overly simplistic generalizations and we’re not asking questions. For example, we perceive there is a link between the quality of an individual teacher (internal factors) and test scores, when the resources and support a teacher has access to (external factors) more accurately impacts student performance.

I’m guilty of this. Eighth grade language arts teacher contributes to a 13 percent increase in students meeting state reading standards at a Title 1 middle school.

Who the heck is he? Gary Cooper in High Noon? This teacher didn’t face the Miller gang on his own!

He was part of a team armed with a good reading program… the best resources… support from parents and administrators…

Because we are all amateur psychologists seeking to understand behavior, the thing to do is question our initial explanations.

Why did we explain the behavior or event in that way?